Details of procedure to record pile driving, including example recording sheet. The static pile load test on a single pile involve uplift force, axial compression and lateral tests when applied either horizontally or perpendicular to the pile axially. In large projects, it is a standard practice to conduct pile load tests either in the design phase or during construction. It is not intended to preclude local building codes, which may require the use of other testing methods as described in the astm specifications. Quick maintained load test qml in this procedure, 15% of the design load is added at a time and held for 5minutes. In general two types of pile load tests are conducted. The chosen test load is generally used in a series of increments in line with the exact code, or with a preestablished load testing specification for a project. Bidirectional testing will generally not test the structural suitability of a pile to support a load as typically placed at the pile top. This kind of test is the astm standard procedure and the most common test, especially in large projects. Static pile load testing is one of the most common methods for testing the actual insitu capacity of a pile. The static loading force will then held constant over a fixed time the maximum load will be removed by means of 5.
The static load test involves the direct measurement of pile head displacement in the response to a physically applied test load. Spec4 0erev 00 page 6 of 11 6 ii the loading on the pile top equals twice the rated capacity or as specified in the case of a separate test pile and 1. After a pre 5% qmax to control and adjust loading and measurement equipment, the pile will be unloaded to a small residual load. Planning of pile load test setup should starts from the design office.
Capwap analysis is made on the pda data after the test is complete. Design of pile foundation using pile load test eurocode 7. Initial tests the safe load on a single pile shall be the least of the following. Since the cohesive strength is not a function of the lateral stress, it is numerically a more stable test and easier to compare with hand calculations. The test results may not represent the longterm performance of a deep foundation. It should not be less than 4 times the diameter of test pile for straight pile and not less than 2 times the diameter of the bell for belled pile. Load tests are performed onsite on test piles to verify the design capacity of the piles. In the static load test, the test load will be applied by hydraulic jacking against kent ledge concrete blocks with the load being measured by calibrated and certified pressure gauges on the selected pile. Chapter 8 static pile load testing and pile dynamic analysis pile. Verification of pile load capacity using static pile load test.
This chapter presents the methodology and results of dynamic and static pile load test data for the selected contracts. The pile head and pile cap connection shall be modified and be designed to transmit the maximum pile loads in both tension and compression. The test plate shall have side dimensions not more than, and not less than one half of, the diameter or side dimension of the test piles. The load on the jack shall be the same on both the piles. Special testing procedures necessary to achieve the desired results 5. The reaction to be made available for the test shall be at least 25% greater than the maximum jacking force required. The test load shall not be less than 2 times the design anchorage resistance of the pile. The load test program consisted of twentyeight axial load tests which were performed to determine the effects of different loading procedures and pile batter on the. Implementation of aashto lrfd bridge design specification for.
Axial load test procedures for pile foundations pdh. Fullscale static loading is a widely accepted test for assessment of pile load bearing capacity and pile loadmovement relationship. Three types of loading procedures for a static load test are. Loading test procedure given in the general specification should be followed. Were the only company that offers the combination of portable. For larger load test exceeding 3000 tonnes, the project team can consider using steel plates, tension piles or ground anchors as the reaction load or adopting other alternative method of testing like bidirectional load test. The advantages of static load tests and accounting for setup are demonstrated. High strain dynamic testing pda astm d4945 00 standard test method for high strain dynamic testing of piles.
Design and construction of driven pile foundations lessons learned on the central arterytunnel project chapter 4. The piles should be loaded to at least two times the design load, and preferably to failure. Abstract piles are designed to transfer the load of superstructure to the deeper harder soil strata crossing the. The maximum test load or test pressure expressed as a reading on the gauge in use shall be displayed and all operators shall be made aware of this limit. Astm d8169 d8169m 18 standard test methods for deep. It cannot be directly measured from a pile load test. Static load testing is the most widely accepted authoritative method. The pile failure load can be defined as the load limit be yond which a small increase in the load corresponds to a large increase in the tip settlement. General the compression test using either the reaction frame or kentledge system is undertaken on a test pile concurrent with the construction of the main piling works or for a preliminary pile outside the site. Initial test on piles are to be carried out at one or more locations depending on the number of piles required. Join our host bob as he learns how terracon has developed a better way to conduct pile load tests on solar panel foundations.
Lateral load testing astm d 3966 90 standard test method for piles under lateral loads. Static load tests were applied only to a small sample of piles on any project due to. Axial load test procedures for pile foundations pdh courses. A bidirectional load test applies the test load within the pile, resulting in internal pile stresses and pile displacements that differ from those developed during a load test applied at the pile top. The testing of pile will be carried out according to the lndian standard is. Pile load test is the most reliable method of estimating the load carrying capacity of a pile, but it is rather expensive. All pile load test results were analyzed using the six different interpretation methods mentioned above 0 4 8 12 16 20 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 load, q ton settlement, s mm pile no. Code of practice for design and construction of pile foundations, part 4. The test pile is loaded using a calibrated hydraulic jack that applies the test load to the pile by pushing against a.
Dynamic and static pile load test data this chapter presents the methodology and results of dynamic and static pile load test data for the selected contracts. Effects of soil conditions on test results, and the need for any. Jay patel120280106037 naman kantesaria120280106039 udit patel1202801060 applied mechanics departement 2. When the bucket returns to the surface, it is aligned back with the reference north, and a final reading taken. This test procedure shall be considered to meet the minimum requirements for load testing.
During the load test, records including plots of load vs. The test procedure will follow international standards a co part 1. In initial test, the test load 52 times the working load in work test load is 32 times the design load. Pull out cohesion this test uses only undrained strength for the frictional behavior between the pile and the soil. Standard test methods for deep foundations under lateral load1. Standard test methods for deep foundations under lateral. Pile load test procedures can change slightly from region to region. J ultimate bearing capacity the load at which the resistance of the soil becomes fully mobilised. Established in 1972, pdi continues to innovate, develop, manufacture and supply stateoftheart qaqc testing and monitoring products and software for the deep foundations industry. The test for static load slt contains the direct calculation of pile head displacement with regards to a concretely functional test load. It is the most basic method of pile load test and is treated as the critical point of pile performance.
The test pile is loaded by utilizing a hydraulic jack that is placed on the center of the test pile. The maximum test load to be applied must be agreed in advance so that the test pile, pile cap if required and the load testing equipment reaction pileskentledge hydraulic ram and pumpbidirectional load cellrapid or dynamic test energy can all be designed or chosen so as to apply the maximum test load safely. The significance of a properlyconducted load test is that it furnishes the actual soil resistance at the site upon which design can be based reliably. Federation of piling specialists handbook on pile load testing. A pile load test consists of applying increments of static load to a.
Static pile load testing deep foundation structural. I test pile any pile to which a test loading is, or is to be, applied. Legally binding document step out from the old to the newjawaharlal nehru invent a new india using knowledge. The jack should be placed horizontally, between two piles. The test load data were collected and converted into graphical forms. Objective this test is used to determine the load carrying capacity of a pile. In general, the methods for predicting capacities based on dynamic measurements taken at beginning of restrike predicted static load test. Like the dynamic load test, a static load test can be done to evaluate the bearing capacity of the pile. Static load tests measure the response of a pile under an applied. Typical test duration is in the order of 10 to 15 minutes. Pdi, is the largest manufacturer of industrystandard, high quality deep foundation testing solutions, worldwide. Analysis of the pile load test program at the lock and.
The maximum load is equal to 3 times the design load. Load application the load is applied in the pile in the following sequence. This test gives us the value of ultimate load value safe load value settlement under different values of loads 3. Pile load test hpcl, visakh toyo engineering india ltd. The test plates shall span across and between any unbraced. Standard test methods for deep foundations under static. Established in 1972, pdi continues to innovate, develop, manufacture and supply stateoftheart qaqc testing and monitoring products and. Standard test methods for deep foundations under static axial. The test program involves the direct measurement of pile head displacement in response to a physically applied load. Pdf verification of pile load capacity using static pile load test.
Hoy, texas highway department this paper covers the general principles of pile load testing, including objectives of pile testing, importance of planning, various types and methods. Sep 03, 2017 transmission line axial uplift load test on foundation. To determine load distribution in the pilesoil system. Because it is based on capwap logic, it is a step beyond capacity determined by the case method. Load settlement curve for sample of pile load tests.
A reaction beam is installed on top of the reaction piles. In order to promote public education and public safety, equal justice for all, a better informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade and world peace, this legal document is hereby made available on a noncommercial basis, as it is the right of all humans to know and speak the laws that govern them. The thermal integrity profiling method procedures are governed by astm. For the field analysis methods, a new procedure to improve the agreement between the pile lengths estimated in the design and finalized in the field is presented. Transmission line axial uplift load test on foundation. Test piles piles manufactured and driven prior to the manufacture of other piles to enable the pile lengths to be confirmed or altered as necessary. Characteristic pile resistance from profiles of ground test results part 2. With no user interaction, icap extracts the soil behavior from dynamic measurements, computes capacity at the time of test, and produces a simulated static load test graph in real time. This test gives us the value of ultimate load value safe load value settlement under different values. Pile load tests including quickload test method, conventional. Pile load test the procedure for the pile load test shall be as follows. Pile load test free download as powerpoint presentation.
The test pile, installation equipment and installation procedure should be identical to that intended to be used for production piles to the extent practical. Load test on piles methods of pile load test the constructor. Pdf comparison of static and dynamic load test of pile. L working pile one of the piles forming the foundation of a structure. Pile load tests including quickload test method, conventional methods, and interpretations frank m. Tensile or tension load testing astm d 3689 90 standard test method for individual piles under static axial tensile loads. A greater spacing between the cribbing supports and test pile or reference system may. Success of pile load tests done on single piles could be explained using pressure bulbs.
The initial test is performed before the start of construction to assess the design adequacy. Pile compression load test by kentledge system or reaction frame system i. Measure these distances between the test pile face and the nearest face of the cribbing supports. The applied load is measured with a load cell placed between the hydraulic jack and the pile or by a pressure gauge installed between the pump and the jack. These tests will confirm design assumptions or provide information to allow those assumptions and the pile design to be modified. Therefore, the following test procedure is based on the quick load test method for individual piles. Dynamic load tester deep foundation analysis systems. Implementation of aashto lrfd bridge design specification. In accordance with the relevant provision of the indian standard ls.